What does the term "Manifest Destiny" refer to?

The term "Manifest Destiny" refers to the belief that American expansion across the continent was justified and inevitable. This doctrine emerged in the 19th century and expressed the idea that Americans were destined by God to spread democracy and capitalism across North America. This concept played a significant role in driving westward expansion and was often used to justify the annexation of territories and confrontations with indigenous peoples and other nations.

In the context of U.S. history, this ideology was not merely about physical expansion but also included notions of cultural superiority and the belief that American values should be spread and upheld. This belief significantly influenced policies and attitudes toward westward expansion during the 1800s, leading to conflicts such as the Mexican-American War. Understanding this context helps clarify the foundational beliefs that motivated American actions during this period.